Linux環(huán)境下Oracle 10gR2 手動(dòng)建立數(shù)據(jù)庫步驟

發(fā)布時(shí)間: 2012/9/20 17:46:03

在Linux平臺(tái)上手動(dòng)創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(Oracle 10g)
安裝完Oracle軟件后，不使用dbca創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫，而手動(dòng)創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫，主要目的是了解數(shù)據(jù)庫創(chuàng)建
的過程中主要進(jìn)行了那些操作。
1.首先設(shè)置要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建的Oracle的SID，如果在.bash_profile文件里設(shè)置里該變量，就不用設(shè)置了。
$echo $ORACEL_SID
ora10
設(shè)置Oracle用戶環(huán)境文件-

# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
export Oracle_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export Oracle_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1
export Oracle_SID=ora10
export Oracle_TERM=xterm
export PATH=$Oracle_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$Oracle_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$Oracle_HOME/jre:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
unset USERNAME
"~/.bash_profile" 18L, 469C
如果沒有設(shè)置，就手動(dòng)設(shè)置，如果一個(gè)服務(wù)器上要運(yùn)行多個(gè)Oracle實(shí)例，也需要手動(dòng)設(shè)置。
export Oracle_SID=ora10
2. 創(chuàng)建需要的診斷目錄，這些目錄都是Oracle進(jìn)程遇到錯(cuò)誤或用戶手動(dòng)TRACE時(shí)需要的。
mkdir -p /oradata/admin/ora10/adump
mkdir -p /oradata/admin/ora10/bdump
mkdir -p /oradata/admin/ora10/cdump
mkdir -p /oradata/admin/ora10/udump
mkdir -p /oradata/admin/ora10/pfile
創(chuàng)建Oracle的數(shù)據(jù)文件目錄
mkdir -p /oradata/ora10
3. 創(chuàng)建Oracle的參數(shù)文件$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initora10.ora 內(nèi)容如下：
aq_tm_processes=0
audit_file_dest=/oradata/admin/ora10/adump
background_dump_dest=/oradata/admin/ora10/bdump
compatible=10.2.0.1.0
control_files=/oradata/ora10/control01.ctl, /oradata/ora10/control02.ctl,
/oradata/ora10/control03.ctl
core_dump_dest=/oradata/admin/ora10/cdump
db_block_size=8192
db_domain=""
db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
db_name=ora10
instance_name=ora10
dispatchers="(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=mydbXDB)"
job_queue_processes=10
nls_length_semantics=BYTE
open_cursors=300
pga_aggregate_target=94371840
processes=150
remote_login_passwordfile=EXCLUSIVE
resource_manager_plan=""
sessions=170
sga_target=285212672
undo_management=AUTO
undo_retention=900
undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS1
user_dump_dest=/oradata/admin/ora10/udump
4.創(chuàng)建密碼文件
orapwd file=$Oracle_HOME/dbs/orapwora10 password=oracle entries=5 force=y
5.創(chuàng)建Oracle的建庫腳本 createdb.sql,內(nèi)容如下：
create database ora10
MAXINSTANCES 1
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
MAXLOGFILES 5
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXDATAFILES 100
DATAFILE
'/oradata/ora10/system01.dbf' size 100m reuse autoextend on next 1m maxsize
unlimited extent management local
sysaux datafile
'/oradata/ora10/sysaux01.dbf' size 100m reuse autoextend on next 1m maxsize
unlimited
default temporary tablespace TEMP tempfile
'/oradata/ora10/temp01.dbf' size 20m reuse autoextend on next 640k maxsize unlimited
undo tablespace UNDOTBS1 datafile
'/oradata/ora10/undo01.dbf' size 20m reuse autoextend on next 5M maxsize unlimited
logfile
GROUP 1 ('/oradata/ora10/redo1.dbf') size 10m,
GROUP 2 ('/oradata/ora10/redo2.dbf') size 10m,
GROUP 3 ('/oradata/ora10/redo3.dbf') size 10m
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
;
啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫到nomount狀態(tài)，執(zhí)行創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫腳本 createdb.sql
6.數(shù)據(jù)庫創(chuàng)建完成后，再創(chuàng)建Oracle的數(shù)據(jù)字典。
sys用戶登錄
SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catexp.sql